Question
How do I delete branches which have already been merged? Can I delete them all at once, instead of deleting each branch one-by-one?
Solution
NOTE: You can add other branches to exclude like master and dev if your workflow has those as a possible ancestor. Usually I branch off of a "sprint-start" tag and master, dev and qa are not ancestors.
First, list locally-tracking branches that were merged in remote (consider using -r flag to list all remote-tracking branches).
git branch --merged
You might see few branches you don't want to remove. We can add few arguments to skip important branches that we don't want to delete like master or a develop. The following command will skip master branch and anything that has dev in it.
git branch --merged| grep -Ev "(^\*|master|main|dev)"
If you want to skip, you can add it to the egrep command like the following. The branch skip_branch_name will not be deleted.
git branch --merged| grep -Ev "(^\*|master|main|dev|skip_branch_name)"
To delete all local branches that are already merged into the currently checked out branch:
git branch --merged | grep -Ev "(^\*|master|main|dev)" | xargs git branch -d
You can see that master and dev are excluded in case they are an ancestor.
You can delete a merged local branch with:
git branch -d branchname
If it's not merged, use:
git branch -D branchname
To delete it from the remote use:
git push --delete origin branchname
git push origin :branchname # for really old git
Once you delete the branch from the remote, you can prune to get rid of remote tracking branches with:
git remote prune origin
or prune individual remote tracking branches, as the other answer suggests, with:
git branch -dr branchname
Solution
To delete all branches on remote that are already merged:
git branch -r --merged | grep -v master | sed 's/origin\//:/' | xargs -n 1 git push origin
In more recent versions of Git
git branch -r --merged | grep -v master | sed 's/origin\///' | xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin
UPDATE (by @oliver; since does not fit in comment, but enough answers already): if you are on branch ABC then ABC will appear in the results of git branch -r --merged because the branch is not specified, so branch defaults to current branch, and a branch always qualifies as merged to itself (because there are no differences between a branch and itself!).
So either specify the branch:
git branch -r --merged master | grep -v master ...
OR first checkout master:
git checkout master | git branch -r --merged | grep -v ...
Solution
Just extending Adam's answer a little bit:
Add this to your Git configuration by running git config -e --global
[alias]
cleanup = "!git branch --merged | grep -v '\\*\\|master\\|develop' | xargs -n 1 -r git branch -d"
And then you can delete all the local merged branches doing a simple git cleanup.
Solution
You'll want to exclude the master, main & develop branches from those commands.
Local git clear:
git branch --merged | grep -v '\*\|master\|main\|develop' | xargs -n 1 git branch -d
Remote git clear:
git branch -r --merged | grep -v '\*\|master\|main\|develop' | sed 's/origin\///' | xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin
Sync local registry of remote branches:
git fetch -p
Solution
This also works to delete all merged branches except master.
git branch --merged | grep -v '^* master$' | grep -v '^ master$' | grep -v '^* main$' | grep -v '^ main$' | xargs git branch -d
Edit: Also ignoring main branch as it's being used these days
Solution
For those of you that are on Windows and prefer PowerShell scripts, here is one that deletes local merged branches:
function Remove-MergedBranches
{
git branch --merged |
ForEach-Object { $_.Trim() } |
Where-Object { $_ -NotMatch "^\*" } |
Where-Object { -not ( $_ -Like "*master" -or $_ -Like "*main" ) } |
ForEach-Object { git branch -d $_ }
}
Or the short version:
git branch --merged | %{$_.trim()} | ?{$_ -notmatch 'dev' -and $_ -notmatch 'master' -and $_ -notmatch 'main'} | %{git branch -d $_.trim()}
Solution
I've used Adam's answer for years now. That said, that there are some cases where it wasn't behaving as I expected:
1 & 2 were straightforward to address, with just a change to the regex.
3 depends on the context of what you want (i.e. only delete branches that haven't been merged into master or against your current branch).
4 has the potential to be disastrous (although recoverable with git reflog), if you unintentionally ran this in detached HEAD state.
Finally, I wanted this to all be in a one-liner that didn't require a separate (Bash|Ruby|Python) script.
Create a git alias "sweep" that accepts an optional -f flag:
git config --global alias.sweep '!git branch --merged $([[ $1 != "-f" ]] \
&& git rev-parse master) | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)" \
| xargs git branch -d'
and invoke it with:
git sweep
or:
git sweep -f
It was easiest for me to create an example git repo with some branches and commits to test the correct behavior:
mkdir sweep-test && cd sweep-test && git init
echo "hello" > hello
git add . && git commit -am "initial commit"
git branch foo && git branch bar && git branch develop && git branch notmaster && git branch masterful
git branch --list
bar develop foo * master masterful notmaster
The original regex misses the branches "masterful" and "notmaster" :
git checkout foo
git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|master|dev)"
bar
With the updated regex (which now excludes "develop" rather than "dev"):
git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar masterful notmaster
echo "foo" > foo
git add . && git commit -am "foo"
git checkout -b foobar
echo "foobar" > foobar
git add . && git commit -am "foobar"
My current branch is foobar, and if I re-run the above command to list the branches I want to delete, the branch "foo" is included even though it hasn't been merged into master:
git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar foo masterful notmaster
However, if I run the same command on master, the branch "foo" is not included:
git checkout master && git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar masterful notmaster
And this is simply because git branch --merged defaults to the HEAD of the current branch if not otherwise specified. At least for my workflow, I don't want to delete local branches unless they've been merged to master, so I prefer the following variant using git rev-parse:
git checkout foobar
git branch --merged $(git rev-parse master) | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar masterful notmaster
Relying on the default behavior of git branch --merged has even more significant consequences in detached HEAD state:
git checkout foobar
git checkout HEAD~0
git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar foo foobar masterful notmaster
This would have deleted the branch I was just on, "foobar" along with "foo", which is almost certainly not the desired outcome. With our revised command, however:
git branch --merged $(git rev-parse master) | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)"
bar masterful notmaster
git branch --merged $(git rev-parse master) | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)" | xargs git branch -d
git config --global alias.sweep '!git branch --merged $([[ $1 != "-f" ]] \
&& git rev-parse master) | egrep -v "(^\*|^\s*(master|develop)$)" \
| xargs git branch -d'
The alias accepts an optional -f flag. The default behavior is to only delete branches that have been merged into master, but the -f flag will delete branches that have been merged into the current branch.
git sweep
Deleted branch bar (was 9a56952). Deleted branch masterful (was 9a56952). Deleted branch notmaster (was 9a56952).
git sweep -f
Deleted branch foo (was 2cea1ab).
Solution
So many bad answers here. This is what you probably want:
git branch --delete $(git branch --merged master --no-contains master --format='%(refname:short)')
This selects all local branches that have been merged into master (including master), and that aren't descendent of master (which excludes master itself). The --format is necessary because by default Git prints asterisks for the currently checked out branches. You might be able to do this with git for-each-ref too but it seems more complicated (it lists remote branches too).
You don't want:
git branch --merged (without master): This will list branches that have been "merged" into your currently checked out commit (i.e. HEAD), which is probably unexpected and not what you want.| grep -v master: There's no need for this; you can just use --no-contains.| xargs: Again, no need. git branch --delete can delete more than one branch.Update: I've been using this for a while and it works pretty well. There are two minor flaws:
If there are no branches to delete it will give you an error. That's fine for interactive use IMO. You shouldn't be using this in a script anyway since it's Bash and Bash should not be used for scripting.
It won't delete branches that point to the same commit as master. I have a tool that automatically rebases all my branches, and for ones that have been merged it can leave them in this state. This may not matter to you.
Solution
Using Git version 2.5.0:
git branch -d `git branch --merged`
Solution
If you're on Windows you can use Windows Powershell or Powershell 7 with Out-GridView to have a nice list of branches and select with mouse which one you want to delete:
git branch --format "%(refname:short)" --merged | Out-GridView -PassThru | % { git branch -d $_ }
after clicking OK Powershell will pass this branches names to git branch -d command and delete them
Solution
You can add the commit to the --merged option. This way you can make sure only to remove branches which are merged into i.e. the origin/master
Following command will remove merged branches from your origin.
git branch -r --merged origin/master | grep -v "^.*master" | sed s:origin/:: |xargs -n 1 git push origin --delete
You can test which branches will be removed replacing the git push origin --delete with echo
git branch -r --merged origin/master | grep -v "^.*master" | sed s:origin/:: |xargs -n 1 echo
Solution
My favorite and simple script:
git branch --merged | grep -E -v "(master|main|develop|other)" | xargs git branch -d
Solution
I use the following Ruby script to delete my already merged local and remote branches. If I'm doing it for a repository with multiple remotes and only want to delete from one, I just add a select statement to the remotes list to only get the remotes I want.
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
current_branch = `git symbolic-ref --short HEAD`.chomp
if current_branch != "master"
if $?.exitstatus == 0
puts "WARNING: You are on branch #{current_branch}, NOT master."
else
puts "WARNING: You are not on a branch"
end
puts
end
puts "Fetching merged branches..."
remote_branches= `git branch -r --merged`.
split("\n").
map(&:strip).
reject {|b| b =~ /\/(#{current_branch}|master)/}
local_branches= `git branch --merged`.
gsub(/^\* /, '').
split("\n").
map(&:strip).
reject {|b| b =~ /(#{current_branch}|master)/}
if remote_branches.empty? && local_branches.empty?
puts "No existing branches have been merged into #{current_branch}."
else
puts "This will remove the following branches:"
puts remote_branches.join("\n")
puts local_branches.join("\n")
puts "Proceed?"
if gets =~ /^y/i
remote_branches.each do |b|
remote, branch = b.split(/\//)
`git push #{remote} :#{branch}`
end
# Remove local branches
`git branch -d #{local_branches.join(' ')}`
else
puts "No branches removed."
end
end
Solution
git branch --merged | %{git branch -d $_.Trim()}
If you want to exclude master or any other branch names, you can pipe with PowerShell Select-String like this and pass the result to git branch -d:
git branch -d $(git branch --merged | Select-String -NotMatch "master" | %{$_.ToString().Trim()})
Solution
Note: I am not happy with previous answers, (not working on all systems, not working on remote, not specifying the --merged branch, not filtering exactly). So, I add my own answer.
There are two main cases:
Local
You want to delete local branches that are already merged to another local branch. During the deletion, you want to keep some important branches, like master, develop, etc.
git branch --format "%(refname:short)" --merged master | grep -E -v '^master$|^feature/develop$' | xargs -n 1 git branch -d
Notes:
git branch output --format ".." is to strip whitespaces and allow exact grep matchinggrep -E is used instead of egrep, so it works also in systems without egrep (i.e.: git for windows).grep -E -v '^master$|^feature/develop$' is to specify local branches that I don't want to deletexargs -n 1 git branch -d: perform the deletion of local branches (it won't work for remote ones)Remote
You want to delete remote branches that are already merged to another remote branch. During the deletion, you want to keep some important branches, like HEAD, master, releases, etc.
git branch -r --format "%(refname:short)" --merged origin/master | grep -E -v '^*HEAD$|^*/master$|^*release' | cut -d/ -f2- | xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin
Notes:
-r option and provide the full branch name: origin/mastergrep -E -v '^*HEAD$|^*/master$|^*release' is to match the remote branches that we don't want to delete.cut -d/ -f2- : remove the unneeded 'origin/' prefix that otherwise is printed out by the git branch command.xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin : perform the deletion of remote branches.Solution
You can use gbda alias if you're using OhMyZSH with git plugin.
Solution
I use this:
git branch --delete $(git branch --format '%(refname:short)' --merged | grep --invert-match 'main\|master\|branch-to-skip')
It lists all merged branched in the specified format, then it feeds that list to git branch --delete.
Solution
kuboon's answer missed deleting branches which have the word master in the branch name. The following improves on his answer:
git branch -r --merged | grep -v "origin/master$" | sed 's/\s*origin\///' | xargs -n 1 git push --delete origin
Of course, it does not delete the "master" branch itself :)
Solution
There is no command in Git that will do this for you automatically. But you can write a script that uses Git commands to give you what you need. This could be done in many ways depending on what branching model you are using.
If you need to know if a branch has been merged into master the following command will yield no output if myTopicBranch has been merged (i.e. you can delete it)
$ git rev-list master | grep $(git rev-parse myTopicBranch)
You could use the Git branch command and parse out all branches in Bash and do a for loop over all branches. In this loop you check with above command if you can delete the branch or not.
Solution
git branch --merged | grep -Ev '^(. master|\*)' | xargs -n 1 git branch -d will delete all local branches except the current checked out branch and/or master.
Here's a helpful article for those looking to understand these commands: Git Clean: Delete Already Merged Branches, by Steven Harman.
Solution
You can use git-del-br tool.
git-del-br -a
You can install it via pip using
pip install git-del-br
P.S: I am the author of the tool. Any suggestions/feedback are welcome.
Solution
I use a git-flow esque naming scheme, so this works very safely for me:
git branch --merged | grep -e "^\s\+\(fix\|feature\)/" | xargs git branch -d
It basically looks for merged commits that start with either string fix/ or feature/.
Solution
On Windows with git bash installed egrep -v will not work
git branch --merged | grep -E -v "(master|test|dev)" | xargs git branch -d
where grep -E -v is equivalent of egrep -v
Use -d to remove already merged branches or
-D to remove unmerged branches
Solution
The accepted solution is pretty good, but has the one issue that it also deletes local branches that were not yet merged into a remote.
If you look at the output of you will see something like
$ git branch --merged master -v
api_doc 3a05427 [gone] Start of describing the Java API
bla 52e080a Update wording.
branch-1.0 32f1a72 [maven-release-plugin] prepare release 1.0.1
initial_proposal 6e59fb0 [gone] Original proposal, converted to AsciiDoc.
issue_248 be2ba3c Skip unit-for-type checking. This needs more work. (#254)
master be2ba3c Skip unit-for-type checking. This needs more work. (#254)
Branches bla and issue_248 are local branches that would be deleted silently.
But you can also see the word [gone], which indicate branches that had been pushed to a remote (which is now gone) and thus denote branches can be deleted.
The original answer can thus be changed to (split into multiline for shorter line length)
git branch --merged master -v | \
grep "\\[gone\\]" | \
sed -e 's/^..//' -e 's/\S* .*//' | \
xargs git branch -d
to protect the not yet merged branches. Also the grepping for master to protect it, is not needed, as this has a remote at origin and does not show up as gone.
Solution
Based on some of these answers I made my own Bash script to do it too!
It uses git branch --merged and git branch -d to delete the branches that have been merged and prompts you for each of the branches before deleting.
merged_branches () {
local current_branch=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
for branch in $(git branch --merged | cut -c3-)
do
echo "Branch $branch is already merged into $current_branch."
echo "Would you like to delete it? [Y]es/[N]o "
read REPLY
if [[ $REPLY =~ ^[Yy] ]]; then
git branch -d $branch
fi
done
}
Solution
If you'd like to delete all local branches that are already merged in to the branch that you are currently on, then I've come up with a safe command to do so, based on earlier answers:
git branch --merged | grep -v \* | grep -v '^\s*master$' | xargs -t -n 1 git branch -d
This command will not affect your current branch or your master branch. It will also tell you what it's doing before it does it, using the -t flag of xargs.
Solution
Alias version of Adam's updated answer:
[alias]
branch-cleanup = "!git branch --merged | egrep -v \"(^\\*|master|dev)\" | xargs git branch -d #"
Also, see this answer for handy tips on escaping complex aliases.
Solution
Below query works for me
for branch in `git branch -r --merged | grep -v '\*\|master\|develop'|awk 'NR > 0 {print$1}'|awk '{gsub(/origin\//, "")}1'`;do git push origin --delete $branch; done
and this will filter any given branch in the grep pipe.
Works well over http clone, but not so well for the ssh connection.
Solution
Try the following command:
git branch -d $(git branch --merged | grep -vw $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD))
By using git rev-parse will get the current branch name in order to exclude it. If you got the error, that means there are no local branches to remove.
To do the same with remote branches (change origin with your remote name), try:
git push origin -vd $(git branch -r --merged | grep -vw $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) | cut -d/ -f2)
In case you've multiple remotes, add grep origin | before cut to filter only the origin.
If above command fails, try to delete the merged remote-tracking branches first:
git branch -rd $(git branch -r --merged | grep -vw $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD))
Then git fetch the remote again and use the previous git push -vdcommand again.
If you're using it often, consider adding as aliases into your ~/.gitconfig file.
In case you've removed some branches by mistake, use git reflog to find the lost commits.
Solution
Add this to [alias] section of your ~/.gitconfig:
sweep = !"f() { git branch --merged | egrep -v \"(^\\*|master|dev)\" || true | xargs git branch -d; }; f"
Now you can just call git sweep to perform that needed cleanup.